Socials 10 - Week of December 1

 This week in Socials 10 we finished up the Winnipeg General Strike.  We learned about the Citizens Committee of 1000 and examined the short and long term consequences of the strike.

Students had time to finish up their Winnipeg General Strike assignment.  Due today:  Friday Dec. 5

Students also had time to finish up their Untouchables Assignment if they did not complete this last week. This was due Wednesday in our double block and could only be completed during class time.

Students continued working on part 3 and 4 of their issues projects.  This is the note taking phase and the outline.  

Today students worked on creating a thesis statement and writing up their outlines. What is a thesis statement? - The goal of a thesis statement is to let your reader know what your paper or essay is about (the central topic/idea) AND it will highlight and include your argument.  Why is a thesis statement needed?  It’s a guide to keep you focussed in your paper and it tells the reader what your paper is about.Here is the video we watched to help us with understanding how to write a good thesis statement.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFp1uGTXo4Q&t=4s

***You will have one more day to finish up part 3 & 4 (Monday).  Parts 3 & 4 are due on Tuesday.  We will write our rough drafts for our papers on the double block day next week - if you miss this expect to give up your lunch hour and after school to do this.   Homework this weekend might be to get a little closer to finishing up research etc...

Today we also finished up Canadian Autonomy.  Notes.  Today we talked about the King-Byng crisis, the Balfour report and the Statute of Westminster. (You should read this section in the text book)

We also talked a bit more about women in the 1920's.  We brainstormed what we already knew.  Watched this quick video on the vote:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdbG6EIHrbs 

Below is the assignment we did in class (this is due on Monday, I will do a HW check), the videos are below.  We will try to finish up the 1920's next week.  Expect a test on Friday or Monday Dec.  12/15.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=if_pyx5dm9Y&t=1s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFD3san49W8&t=3s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njAO38Og1-k&t=1s

Geography Review Sheet: Plate Techtonics and beyond

 Please note this review sheet is in progress, please continue to check back!

Test:  Friday Dec. 6 

Text book chapters:  4, 5 and 6. (major topics:  volcanism, tsunamis, earthquakes, plate tectonics)

Review two charts you filled out (lab and 

Volcanism vocab:

volcanologist            hot spot                Shield volcano            Composite/Strato Volcano

Cinder Cone(Scoria Cone)                    Magma                      Lava                             Lahar

Pyroclastic flow       Nuee Ardente       Ring of Fire                Caldera                        Efusive Lava

Strato volcano          Geothermal Energy     Tephra                Kimberlite.                   Felsic Lava

Questions to consider:

Volcanism

1. What is volcanism, and how does it relate to plate tectonics?
2. Describe the three main types of volcanoes (shield, composite, and cinder cone) and provide an example of each.
3. Explain the difference between lava and magma.
4. What is a hot spot? Provide an example of a volcanic island chain formed by a hot spot.  Tie in Yellowstone or Anahim
5. Compare volcanic activity at divergent boundaries (e.g., mid-ocean ridges) and convergent boundaries (e.g., subduction zones).
6. Define a pyroclastic flow and explain why it is one of the most dangerous aspects of volcanic eruptions.
7. How do viscosity and silica content affect the explosiveness of a volcanic eruption?
8. Describe how volcanic eruptions can affect the global climate.

Plate Tectonics vocab:

subduction            Fault line            Convergent            Divergent

Rift valley           Oceanic Crust      Continental Crust    Fold Mountains

Ocean ridge        Marianna Trench    Transform           Pangea

Lithosphere        Crust                    Mantle                    Core

Plate Tectonics Questions:

Summarize the theory of plate tectonics and describe the evidence supporting it (e.g., fossils, sea-floor spreading, magnetic striping).

Explain the three types of plate boundaries (divergent, convergent, and transform) and the features associated with each (e.g., rift valleys, mountain ranges, faults).

Describe the role of mantle convection in driving plate movements.

How does subduction lead to the formation of trenches and volcanic arcs?

What is the difference between continental drift (proposed by Wegener) and the theory of plate tectonics?

Explain why earthquakes and volcanoes are commonly found along plate boundaries.

Describe how the movement of the Pacific Plate has influenced the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.

What is the role of transform boundaries in causing earthquakes? Provide an example of a well-known transform fault.

Earthquakes Vocab:

Richter scale         Mercalli scale        seismograph        S-waves

P-waves    L-waves   R-waves         Convection currents       epicentre     focus

Earthquake questions:

Define an earthquake and explain how stress and strain in the Earth's crust lead to faulting.

Differentiate between the focus (hypocenter) and the epicenter of an earthquake.

What are the differences between P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves in terms of motion and speed?

What is the Richter Scale, and how does it differ from the Mercalli scale?

Explain how earthquakes are related to plate tectonics, particularly at transform and convergent boundaries.

What are the primary hazards associated with earthquakes?

Provide an example of a significant historical earthquake, its causes, and its impacts.

Tsunami Vocab:       

Four phases:  generation, propagation, shoaling, and inundation.

trough, crest  

Questions to consider:  

What causes a tsunami, and how is it related to tectonic activity?

Describe the process of tsunami formation, from the triggering event to the impact on coastal areas.

Explain how energy is transferred through water and why tsunamis are different from regular ocean waves.

What are some strategies used to mitigate the impact of tsunamis on coastal communities?        

Overall questions:

How are volcanism, plate tectonics, and earthquakes interconnected? Use specific examples to explain.

Describe how the rock cycle is influenced by tectonic activity (e.g., subduction zones, mountain building).

Analyze how a volcanic eruption could impact the surrounding rock cycle and contribute to the creation of new landforms.

Imagine you are an urban planner in an earthquake-prone area. What measures would you recommend to reduce risks to people and infrastructure?

Discuss the importance of monitoring tectonic and volcanic activity in regions prone to earthquakes and eruptions. How does this knowledge benefit society?     

Geog 12/SS 10 answers to Friday 5, Nov. 28

 SS 10

1. What is a union?

- an organization of workers who come together to negotiate with their employer for improved wages, benefits, and working conditions

2. Why were people striking in Winnipeg?  (what did they want?)

-better wages and working conditions

3. What was OBU and what was it’s purpose?

-One Big Union, it's purpose was to join together labour unions to increase the chance of getting change

4. Why were people suspicious of unions?

-because their ideals were sometimes linked to communism

5. Why was union membership on the rise in the 1900’s?

-because working conditions were poor and it felt like the employers had all the power

Bonus:  what is collective bargaining?

-negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment by an organized body of employees/labour union

Geog 12

1. Briefly describe how interplate volcanism occurs.

volcanic activity that occurs within tectonic plates, away from their boundaries, and is most commonly caused by hot spots/mantle plumes

2. Explain why Yellowstone is a more rare form of interplate volcanism.

because it is in the middle of continental crust which is thicker than oceanic crust

3. Where do the most explosive volcanoes form?  

at subduction zones

4. Provide a positive and a negative of living near a volcano.

Pos:

-tourist attraction, brings jobs and revenue

-area is rich in minerals creating fertile soil and good mining opportunities

-hydrothermal power

Neg:

-destruction of area is a possibility

-living under stress due to volcanic activity

-depending on if dormant or active, could cause death

5.  Define pyroclastic flow.

-a fast moving cloud of ash, gas, pumice and rock (tephra) that can be extremely deadly as it rushes down the side of a volcano due to an eruption, moving up to 700km/hr.  Acts like an avalanche.

Socials 10: Issues Project part 3 & 4

Socials 10:  Issues Project continued….

Part 3:  Note Taking

Go back to your annotated bibliography and begin your actual in-depth research.  Working through one sources at a time, paraphrase the most important and most relevant information onto note cards, or note sections.  Use only one topic/idea per index card/ piece of paper.  Each idea/topic that you have on your outline will then have a card of information from each source.  Always record the number of the source that you used (from annotated) and the page references from the source to help you later with footnotes.  (quotes).  Dividing each source into main topics will really help you  when you get to the actual writing phase.  Use quotes sparingly, for statistics or something that  is said so well that you need to use it, or comments that can most effectively be made by the speaker.  If you organize your notes in this manner your essay will essentially write itself!!!

Part 4: Creating outline and thesis statement

--thesis statement - The goal of a thesis statement is to let your reader know what your paper or essay is about (the central topic/idea). It will highlight and include your argument. -why is a thesis statement needed? It’s a guide to keep you focussed in your paper and it tells the reader what your paper is about. -write your supporting arguments first (into your outline, with quotes) -then write your paragraph that refutes your argument

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFp1uGTXo4Q

Create an outline:

Intro:  with thesis

Body 1:  main idea, supporting ideas in point form, quotes

Body 2:  as above

Body 3:  as above

Refute:  main 

Soc 10 & Geog 12 Nov. 24/25

 Socials 10:

On Monday we finished up our Annotated Bibliographies (these were due today/Tuesday).  On Tuesday we went over the Friday 5 and continued watching the Untouchables.

Geog. 12

On Monday we reviewed the Friday 5 and the work we did on Friday out of the text book.  From here I showed a couple of videos to clarify S & P waves, R & L waves (we added to our notes sheet)  We started the Earthquake lab.

https://www.britannica.com/video/rock-vibrations-Earth-earthquake-waves-P-surface/-218347

https://www.britannica.com/video/did-you-know-earthquake-waves/-255047

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=huiiEehjUds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eeqzRUg4DU

Today we talked about Interplate volcanism/hotspots.  What they are, how they form etc...we took notes, watched these two videos, completed a diagram explanation and also plotted a number of volcanos on a map to understand a bit more about where volcanos happen on the E's surface.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdlEufZop-Y

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhSaE0omw9o

Earth Quake & Plate Boundaries lab

Lab Activity Outline

Part 1:  Plate Boundaries

Goal:  Understand the different plate boundaries and what type of movement occurs at each of these boundaries, including at which boundaries earthquakes occur at.

Complete the “scavenger hunt” sheet from the information provided in the station study.

Part 2: Understanding Seismology and Seismic Waves

(use a laptop/computer to help you with the next portions of the lab)

1. Introduction to Seismic Waves: 

https://www.sciencecourseware.org/VirtualEarthquake/VQuakeExecute.html

• Review notes on P-waves and S-waves. Explain how these waves travel through the earth and are detected by seismographs.

• Discuss the differences in speed, motion, and the materials these waves can travel through.

2.  Explore the Virtual Earthquake Lab:  https://ds.iris.edu/seismon/swaves/

• Students access the IRIS Virtual Earthquake Lab.

• The simulator guides students through an earthquake scenario where they measure the time lag between P-waves and S-waves to determine the earthquake’s epicenter.

3. Recording Seismic Data:

• Practice measuring seismic wave arrival times on virtual seismograms.

• Use this data to predict  the earthquake’s epicenter by examining seismograms from multiple locations.

4. Reflection Questions:

• What is the difference in travel time between P-waves and S-waves? Why does this difference increase with distance?

• How accurate was your epicenter prediction, and what challenges did you face in measuring it?

Part 3:  Earthquake Magnitude and Depth Analysis via Exploration of  the Virtual Earthquake Lab:

• Students access the IRIS Virtual Earthquake Lab. (see link below), see how it works.  

• Access the  IRIS Seismic Monitor - Try the different options in the lab and see what you can find out about earthquakes.  List the things this site can tell you on a piece of lined paper.

• Using the IRIS Seismic Monitor,  explore recent real-time earthquakes around the world.

• Select a few recent earthquakes, noting the magnitude, depth, and affected area. Try to choose earthquakes from different tectonic settings and of different magnitudes.

• Map out a these Earthquakes (put these on your map).  Connect to data so you know which EQ goes with what data.

Part 4: Impacts of Earthquakes 

1. Analyze Earthquake Impact Based on Depth and Magnitude:

• Using the simulator https://www.iris.edu/app/10.5/,  adjust variables like earthquake magnitude and depth to see how these factors impact the energy released.

• Note how deeper earthquakes (like those in subduction zones) tend to have different surface impacts than shallow earthquakes.

2. Calculate Energy Released:

• Use the simulator to view the logarithmic scale of earthquake magnitudes and discuss why a small increase in magnitude means a significant increase in energy.

• Record energy comparisons, such as comparing a magnitude 6.0 to a magnitude 7.0 earthquake.

3. Reflection Questions:

• How does increasing earthquake depth affect surface impact and wave strength?

• Why does a higher magnitude earthquake release exponentially more energy?

---

Discussion and Conclusion

• Data Comparison and Real-World Implications:

• Students compare their simulated earthquake results with recent earthquakes displayed on the IRIS Seismic Monitor.  What do you notice?

• Discuss the implications of earthquake magnitude and depth in real-world scenarios, such as building codes in earthquake-prone areas.

• Summary Questions:

• What role do seismic waves play in helping scientists understand earthquakes?

• How can seismology data help prepare regions for future earthquakes?

• At what magnitude earthquake do we start to see destruction on the Earth's surface?

• Relate plate tectonics to locations of Earthquakes.  Reflect on how using real-time data from the IRIS Seismic Monitor might enhance our understanding of global earthquake patterns.

• Why is monitoring seismic activity around the world important?

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LAB WRITE UP:

Part 1:  Plate Boundaries

-provide a brief summary of what you learned (1-2 sentences).  

-Submit chart.

Part 2: Understanding Seismology and Seismic Waves

-provide a brief summary of what you learned.

-answer reflection questions

Part 3:  Earthquake Magnitude and Depth Analysis

-provide brief summary of what you learned.

-submit map with information from EQ you plotted

Part 4: Impacts of Earthquakes 

-provide brief summary of what you learned.

-answer reflection questions

Conclusions and Summary Questions

-answer questions from this section

-submit anything you wrote down while doing the lab as an addition (if you want to show additional work)

_____________________________________________________________

EQSimulator

https://ds.iris.edu/seismon/swaves/

https://ds.iris.edu/ieb/index.html?format=text&nodata=404&starttime=1970-01-01&endtime=2025-01-01&minmag=0&maxmag=10&mindepth=0&maxdepth=900&orderby=time-desc&src=usgs&limit=1000&maxlat=73.43&minlat=-73.43&maxlon=180.00&minlon=-180.00&zm=2&mt=ter

https://seismic-explorer.concord.org/

https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/?currentFeatureId=us7000rdmh&extent=7.27529,-162.24609&extent=60.15244,-58.97461

Need another explanation of how magnitude and intensity work in relation to depth and distance from the hypocentre?  Watch this:  https://www.mtu.edu/geo/community/seismology/learn/earthquake-measure/

Answers to Friday 5, Geog & SS10, Nov. 21

 Socials 10

1.  What is prohibition?

Prohibition is the ban (making illegal) the selling and making of alcohol

2.  Two new inventions of the 1920's?

range, toaster, vacuum, electric lights, cistern,  Model T Ford

3.  Explain how women's lives changed in the 1920's?

Women were free-er in terms of dress and rules.  When they made their own money they became much more independent.  New inventions made their lives easier.  White women gained the right to vote.

4.  Compare and Contrast Spanish Flu and Covid 19.

Similarities:  used masks and hand washing to try and prevent spread, businesses were closed, fever, respiratory issues = symptoms, world wide pandemics

Differences:  time periods, Covid mostly elderly affected, SF hit ages 24-40

5.  One positive and one negative of prohibition?

Pos:  less money spent on alcohol more on families, less petty crime

Neg:  illegal underground alcohol trade, bootlegging

Geography 12

1.  What are the main types of avalanches?

slab, cornice & loose

2.  What are the prevailing winds and where do they mostly come from?

the predominant direction that the wind comes from

SW

3.  Strike slip faults aka _____________ and an example.

Transverse

San Andreas Fault

4.  What are some land forms found at divergent plate boundaries?

mid ocean ridges, rift valleys/grabbins, volcanic activity

5.  What does the Modified Mercalli scale measure?

Intensity of an EQ

Bonus:

Differentiate between the epicentre and the focus.

focus is where the EQ happens within the earth, the epicentre is where is happens on the surface, directly above the focus